初中英语句子结构大全_初中英语句子结构大全图片

1.初中英语知识点总结精选：陈述句和疑问句

2.初中英语语法（句子结构）？

3.英语语法应怎么学

4.初中英语句子成分划分

5.初中英语句子成分例句及详解

主语———动词———宾语———宾语补足语

在此句型中的动词，叫做可以跟复合宾语的动词，在英语中，这样的动词也不多。后面的宾语补足语是说明宾语的情况的，宾语和宾语补足语一起被称做复合宾语。这个句式是英语中比较复杂的一个句式，因为复合宾语的构成内容较多。下面句子中划线部分为宾语补足语。

1.He found his new job boring.(形容词做宾补)

2.The called their daughter Mary.(名词做宾补)

3.This placed her in a very difficult position.(介词短语做宾补)

4.We went to here house but found her out.(副词做宾补)

5.What do you advise me to do？(不定式做宾补)

6.We thought him to be an honest man.(tobe做宾补)

7.He believed them to he discussed the problem.(不定式的完成式做宾补)

8.He believed her to be telling the truth.(不定式的进行式做宾补)

9.Did you notice him come in？(不带to的不定式做宾补)

10.I saw her chatting with Nancy.(现在分词做宾补)

11.He watched the piano carried upstairs.(过去分词做宾补)

注意：在这个结构中，可以出现用it做形式上的宾语，把真正的宾语放在宾语补足语的后面。在此结构中，宾语常常是动词不定式或宾语从句。

1.He felt it his duty to mention this to her.

分析：it是形式宾语，hisduty是宾语补足语，to mention this to her是真正的宾语。

2.I think it best that you should stay with us.

分析：it是形式宾语，best是宾语补足语，that you should stay with us是真正的宾语。

注意：

1.习惯用语的使用

在英语中，有很多动词习惯用语，在学习的过程中，要注意它们的使用，不必分析单独每个词的使用。

例：

We are short of money.(be short of中short做表语)

She is always making trouble for her friends.(trouble做make的宾语)

He has carried out our instructions to the letter.(our instructions做词组carry out的宾语)

We are waiting for the rain to stop.(wait for后面的the rain是宾语，to stop是宾语补足语)

2.在英语中，大多数动词既可以做及物动词又可以做不及物动词，而且还会有一些固定词组，因此一个动词可以用于几种句型。

例：ask

①Did you ask the price？(直接接名词做宾语)

②She asked them their names.(接双宾语)

③I asked James to buy some bread.(接宾语加不定式做宾语补足语)

④I asked to speak to Fred.(接不定式做宾语)

⑤Didn't you ask him in？(在此句中和副词in连用)

⑥He has asked for an interview with the President.(组成固定词组ask for)

3.There be句型是一种特殊的句子，真正的主语在后面，含义为“有…”

①谓语动词和主语保持一致：There is a television in the sitting room.

②有两个或更多的主语时，动词一般和最近的一个保持一致：There are two girls and a boy dancing in the hall.

③主语的后面有时有修饰语：There are a lot of difficulties facing us.There were many things to be done(此处也可以使用to do).

④谓语动词be可以有时态的变化:There will be a concert in the park tonight.There was little change in him.

⑤谓语也可以有不定式构成的复合谓语。

There used to be a cinema here.

There seems to be something the matter with her.

Is there going to be any activity tonight？

⑥there be句式变疑问句，把be提前；变翻译疑问句也要借助there。

Is there any hope of getting the job？

There is nothing wrong with your watch，is there？

⑦there be句型中也可以使用诸如：live，follow，come，stand，sit，exist等不及物动词：

Once upon a time，there lived a fisherman on the island.

There came a knock at the door.

At the top of the hill there stands an old temple.

⑧用于非谓语的情况下，有时用不定式的复合结构there to be或动名词的复合结构和独立主格结构there being：

You wouldn't want there to be another war.(不定式的复合结构)

The teacher was satisfied with there being no mistakes in his homework.(动名词的复合结构)

There being nothing else to do，we went home.(独立主格结构)

■巩固性练习

请判断下列句子的结构类型

1.He is running.

2.The loud voice from the upstairs made him angry.

3.The little boy is asking the teacher all kinds of questions.

4.She seemed angry.

5.My father bought me a beautiful present.

6.Why do you keep your eyes closed？

7.Will you tell us an exciting story？

8.We must keep our classroom tidy and clean.

9.I heard the baby crying in the sitting room.

10.Can you push the window open？

答案：

1.主语---动词

2.主语---动词---宾语---补语

3.主语---动词---宾语---宾语

4.主语---动词----表语

5.主语---动词---宾语---宾语

6.主语---动词---宾语---宾语

7.主语---动词---宾语---补语

8.主语---动词---宾语---补语

9.主语---动词---宾语---补语

10.主语---动词---宾语---补语

初中英语知识点总结精选：陈述句和疑问句

一、并列句

由并列连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连接起来的句子叫作并列句。

二、复合句

由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫作复合句。从句需由关联词引导。初中英语教材主要涉及的复合句有状语从句、宾语从句和定语从句。

三、并列

两个或者以上的子句之间是并列关系，在这个句子当中，只有一个主语，那就是“a number of important authors”，也就是只有一套主谓结构，也就是只有一个子句，所以这个句子是主从复合句。

比如，I am a teacher and love gym.?这是一个主谓结构，只有一个主语，这就是主从复合句；但是，I am a teacher and I love gym.?这是两套主谓结构，连接词“and”前后有两个主语,，所以这个句子才是并列复合句。

扩展资料

并列句常见分类：

1、表示同等、平行或承接关系，常用连词and，both. . . and，not only. . . but also. . .?，neither. . . nor. . .?，as well as等。

2、表示转折关系，常用连词but，yet(然而), however(然而), while(而)等。

3、表示选择关系，常见连词or，not. . . but(不是……而是……), either. . . or. . . (要么……要么……)等。

4、表示因果关系，常见连词because, as，for(因为), so等。

百度百科-并列句

百度百科-复合句

初中英语语法（句子结构）？

　陈述句是陈述一个事实或者说话人的看法的，疑问句的主要交际功能是提出问题。两者还是有所区别的，为了方便大家区分两者的区别，下面是我为大家带来的初中英语知识点总结：陈述句和疑问句，希望能帮到大家!

　初中英语知识点总结：陈述句和疑问句

　一、陈述句

　陈述句是陈述一个事实或者说话人的看法的，陈述句分为肯定句和否定句。陈述句句末用句号，朗读时用降调。

　1、肯定句的基本结构为：主+谓HewenttoLondontopasshisholiday.

　2、否定句的表达方式

　(1)主语+be+not+表语Heisnotateacher.

　(2)主语+助动词/情态动词+not+谓语动词+其他Idon?tthinkyouareright.

　Hehasn?tyetpaidthemoney.(他尚未付钱。)

　(3)使用?not?以外的否定词：

　(a)副词：never，seldom，hardly，little，neither等。Sheseldomcomestoseeme.(她不常来看我。)

　(b)形容词：no，few，little等HehasfewfriendsinHongKong.(他在香港几乎没有朋友。)

　(c)代词：nothing，nobody，none等。Ifoundnobodutcomputer.(在那栋房子里我没看到任何人。)

　二、疑问句

　疑问句的主要交际功能是提出问题，询问情况。分为一般疑问句、选择疑问句、特殊疑问句和反意疑问句。

　1、一般疑问句通常用来询问一件事情是否属实。答句通常是?yes或no?。

　句型一：Be+主语+?Arethesebooksonthedesk?这些书在桌子上吗?

　句型二：Do/Does/Did+主语+谓语+?DoyoulikeEnglish?你喜欢英语吗?

　句型三：情态动词+主语+谓语+?

　MustIfinishmyhomeworknow?我必须现在完成我的家庭作业吗?

　句型四：He/Has+主语+过去分词+?

　Heyouheardfromhim?你收到他的来信吗?

　另外，还有以be动词、助动词或情态动词的否定缩写形式开头的一般疑问句，这种句子一般表示请求、惊讶和对事物的看法等，回答时所用的yes和no表达的意思和汉语的习惯不同。例如;--Isn?thetall?难道他不高吗?

　--Yes，heis.不，他很高。

　2、特殊疑问句以疑问词开头，对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。常用的疑问词有：what、who、whose、which、when、where、how、why等。例如：

　whoissingingintheroom?

　whatclassareyouin﹖

　3、选择疑问句提出两个或两个以上可能的答案供对方选择。选择疑问句的两种或两种以上的情况用or连接，不能用yes或no回答，而是就其选择内容直接回答。这类疑问句有两种形式：

　一种是：一般疑问句+or+被选择部分?，这一类选择疑问句通常都是在前一个供选择的答案用低升调，后一个用降调;如果有两个以上供选择的答案，则在最后一个用降调，其余都用低升调。例如：Wouldyoulikeagin，orawhisky，ora`beer?你是要喝杜松子酒，还是威士忌酒，还是啤酒?

　另一种是：特殊疑问句+被选择部分(A)+or+被选择部分(B)?，也是在语调上有所区别。例如：WhichvaseshallIuse，theshortoneorthetallone?

　4、反意疑问句又叫附加疑问句，是指当提问的人对前面所叙述的事实不敢肯定，而需要向对方加以证实时所提出的问句。其结构为：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简单的问句。完成后一部分简单问句时，要根据前面陈述句的动词时态和人称来选择适当的助动词进行提问，前后两部分的人称和动词时态要保持一致。如果前一部分用肯定式，后一部分一般用否定式;反之，前一部分为否定式，后一部分要用肯定式，即?前肯定后否定，前否定后肯定?。例如：Theyworkhard，don?tthey?

　Shewasillyesterday，wasn?tshe?

　Theyhen?tbeeninbeijingforthreeyears，hethey?

　.反义疑问句的回答用yes，no，但是，当陈述部分是否定形式时，回答要按事实。如：

　Theydon?tworkhard，dothey?他们不太努力工作，是吗?

　Yes，theydo.不，他们工作努力。/No，theydon?t.对，他们工作不努力。

　注意：

　1)当陈述句的主语是everyone，everybody，someone，somebody时，简短问句中的主语通常用they。如果陈述句的主语是非人称的复合词，如everything，something，anything，则简短问句中相应的人称代词是单数的中性词it。后面的疑问句应表示为：

　Iamastudent，aren?tI

　Everyoneisintheclassroom，aren?tthey?

　Everythingbeginstogrowinspring，doesn?tit?

　Nobodywillgo，willthey?

　2)当陈述部分是Ithink/believe/expect/suppose/imagine加从句时，疑问句应和从句的人称时态保持一致。Ithinkchickenscanswim，can?tthey?

　3)当陈述部分是祈使句时，一般情况下用willyou或won?tyou。

　Givemeahand，willyou?

　4)以Let?s开头的祈使句，疑问句必须用shallwe;只有以LetusLetme开头的祈使句，问句才用willyou。

　5)Therebe句型中，反义疑问部分必须为be动词+there.

　6)当陈述部分有never，seldom，hardly，few，little，barely，nothing等否定词时，后面的疑问句则必须用肯定式。

英语语法应怎么学

初中英语一般就学简单句，到了初三才会有个宾语从句。

简单句型有五类：(状语和定语位置是不固定的，要看修饰的词的位置在哪里）

1.主语+谓语（谓语动词为不及物动词）

如：Your phone rang just now.

2.主语+谓语+宾语

如：I like you.

3.主语+谓语+宾语+宾补

如：I saw some boys playing football on the ground.

4.主语+谓语+双宾（直接宾语和间接宾语）

如：I ge him a book.(人是间接宾语）

5.主语+系动词+表语

如：This meat tastes good.

初中英语句子成分划分

一,掌握基本的句型及句子结构

英语句子不管有多么复杂,都是有七种基本句型演化而来.遗憾地是,很多人学英语十几年了,连句子结构还没有搞清楚:

1. 主语+不及物动词.如：I arrived at six last night.

2. 主语+及物动词+宾语,如：I bought a good English Chinese Dictionary yesterday.

3. 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语,如：Please tell me a story before I go to bed. 这样可加双宾语的句子有buy,tell, give, ask, pass, teach.

4. 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语,如：I found it impossible to do it. Please keep the classroom clean and tidy.

5. 主语+系动词+表语,如：Tom is an American boy. The grass turned green in spring.

6. There be…句型,表示存在某种事物,如： There is a map on the wall其be动词的形式要与其后面相近的那个名词相一致.

7. 祈使句; Tell me about what you saw in the USA.

二.英语和汉语究竟有什么不同?许多人觉得英语难学,是因为没有掌握英语句型结构和我们母语的句子的区别.

二.抓住英汉的主要区别,也是英语语言的主要特征,有三大类：

一. 谓语动词的变化：汉语里动词没有变化.而英语里谓语动词要根据时间,主动被动,主语单复数和语气（疑问,否定,祈使,虚拟）变化

二. 非谓语动词.动词不做谓语,做主语,宾语,表语,宾语补足语,主语补足语,定语,状语.汉语里直接用动词做其他句子成分.和汉语不同英语里一定要有变化：to do,doing,done .

三. 三大从句：名词性从句（用句子做主语,宾语,表语,同位语）,形容词性从句（即定语从句,作定语）,副词性从句（即状语从句,做状语）

掌握了这些内容,你的英语就基本入门了!

举几个例子吧：

1. It was not unusual to see children doing the work of *** s in great many rural areas.

动词不定式短语做主语,后置.it 做形式上的主语,指代它.这是初中英语要掌握的最重要的句型之一了.不定式短语to see children doing the work of *** s in great many rural areas比较复杂.有自己的宾语（children）,宾语补足语（现在分词短语doing the work of *** s in great many rural areas）.

2. What makes this class differ from the lower class is, first, longer periods of employment—

主语从句（从句中主语What,谓语makes,宾语this class,宾语补足语（省略了to的动词不定式differ from the lower class）

and therefore, more fixed ines—and, second, employment in skilled or semiskilled occupations, not unskilled ones.

3. He found out that Kit Williams has spent his childhood near Ampthill, in Bedfordshire, and thought that he must he buried the hare in a place he knew well, but he still could not see the connection with Katherine of Aragon, until one day he came across two crosses in Ampthill Park and learnt that they had been built in her honor in 1773.

这是由三个并列分句构成的句子:① He found out that Kit Williams has spent his childhood near Ampthill, in Bedfordshire;

② He thought that he must he buried the hare in a place he knew well; ③ he still could not see the connection with Katherine of Aragon, until one day he came across two stone crosses in Ampthill Park and learnt that they had been built in her honor in 1773.在第一和第二个分句中,分别有两个宾语从句： Kit Williams has spent his childhood near Ampthill, in Bedfordshire和he must he buried the hare in a place he knew well. 第三个分句较为复杂些：其中有一个句型not …until; 在由until 引导的时间状语从句中又有一个宾语从句：they had been built in her honor in 1773作learnt 的宾语.

三.然后通过大量阅读提高

初中英语句子成分例句及详解

Tomorrow （时间状语）they（主语） will cilmb over （助动词will+动词词组构成谓语）a high mountain（宾语）

Nobby（主语） wants（谓语） to make friends with selfish people（原因状语，不定式表原因）

The boy（主语） （is strong enough to 主语补足语)carry（谓语） the hey box （宾语）by himself（宾补）.

希望能帮到你。不明白hi我

1. 主语（subject）：句子说明的人或事物。

The sun rises in the east （名词） He likes dancing. （代词）

Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词) Seeing is believing. （动名词）

To see is to believe.（不定式） What he needs is a book.（主语从句）

It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.

（It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）

(一）指出下列句中主语的中心词

① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.

② There is an old man coming here.

③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.

④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.

2. 谓语（predicate）：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。

We study English. He is asleep.

(二). 选出句中谓语的中心词

① I don't like the picture on the wall. A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall

② The days get longer and longer when summer comes. A. get B. longer C. days D. summer

③ Do you usually go to school by bus? A. Do B. usually C. go D. bus

④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.

A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon

⑤ Did the twins he porridge for their breakfast? A. Did B. twins C. he D. breakfast

3. 表语（predicative）：系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。

He is a teacher. （名词） Seventy-four! You don’t look it. （代词）

Five and five is ten. （数词） He is asleep. （形容词）

His father is in.（副词） The picture is on the wall. (介词短语)

My watch is gone / missing / lost. （形容词化的分词）

The question is whether they will come. （表语从句）

（常见的系动词有: be, sound（听起来）, look（看起来）, feel(摸起来，smell（闻起来）, taste（尝、吃起来）, remain（保持，仍是）, feel（感觉）……

It sounds a good idea. The sound sounds strange.

Her voice sounds sweet. Tom looks thin.

The food smells delicious. The food tastes good.

The door remains open. Now I feel tired.

(三) 挑出下列句中的表语

① The old man was feeling very tired. ② Why is he worried about Jim?

③ The lees he turned yellow. ④ Soon They all became interested in the subject.

⑤ She was the first to learn about it.

4. 宾语：1）动宾表示行为的对象，常由名词或者代词担任。放在及物动词或者介词之后。如：

I like China. （名词） He hates you. （代词）

How many do you need? We need two. （数词）I enjoy working with you. （动名词）

I hope to see you again. （不定式） Did you write down what he said? （宾语从句）

2） 介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾

Are you afraid of the snake? Under the snow, there are many rocks.

3） 双宾语-----间宾（指人）和直宾（指物）

He ge me a book yesterday. Give the poor man some money.

(四) 挑出下列句中的宾语

① My brother hasn't done his homework.

② People all over the world speak English.

③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.

④ How many new words did you learn last class?

⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?

5. 宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。

We elected him monitor. （名词） We all think it a pity that she didn’t come here. （名词）

We will make them hy. （形容词） We found nobody in. ( 副词 )

Please make yourself at home. （介词短语） Don’t let him do that. （省to不定式）

His father advised him to teach the lazy boy a lesson. （带to不定式）

Don’t keep the lights burning. （现在分词） I’ll he my bike repaired. （过去分词）

(五) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语

① She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.

② He asked her to take the boy out of school.

③ She found it difficult to do the work.

④ They call me Lily sometimes.

⑤ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.

⑥ Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?

6. 定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。

Ai Yanling is a chemistry teacher.（名词） He is our friend. （代词）

We belong to the third world.（数词） He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.（形容词）

The man over there is my old friend.(副词)

The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister. (介词)

The boys playing football are in Class 2. （现在分词）

The trees planted last year are growing well now. （过去分词）

I he an idea to do it well.（不定式） You should do everything that I do. （定语从句）

(六) 挑出下列句中的定语

① They use Mr., Mrs. with the family name.

② What is your given name?

③ On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.

④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.

⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep.

7. 状语：用来修饰v., adj., adv., or 句子。表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式和让步。（以下例句按上述顺序排列）

I will go there tomorrow. The meeting will be held in the meeting room.

The meat went bad because of the hot weather. He studies hard to learn English well.

He didn’t study hard so that he failed in the exam. I like some of you very much.

If you study hard, you will pass the exam. He goes to school by bike.

Though he is young, he can do it well.

(七) 挑出下列句中的状语

① There was a big smile on her face.

② Every night he heard the noise upstairs.

③ He began to learn English when he was eleven.

④ The man on the motorbike was trelling too fast.

⑤ With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off.

(八) 划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语

① Please tell us a story.

② My father bought a new bike for me last week.

③ Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term.

④ Here is a pen. Give it to Tom.

⑤ Did he lee any message for me?

参 考 答 案

(一) ① teacher ② man ③ dictionary ④ To do

(二) ① B ② A ③ C ④ A ⑤ C

(三) ① tired ② worried ③ yellow ④ interested ⑤ first

(四) ① his homework ② English ③ your pronunciation ④ new words ⑤ to go swimming

(五) ① to read newspapers and books in the reading-room ② to take the boy out of school

③ Lily ④ get on the bus ⑤ playing football on the playground

(六) ① family ② given ③ third ④ some ⑤ downstairs

(七) ① on the face ② Every night ③ when he was eleven ④ fast ⑤ off

(八) ① us, 间接宾语 a story, 直接宾语 ② me, 间接宾语 a new bike, 直接宾语

③ us, 间接宾语 history, 直接宾语 ④ Tom, 间接宾语 it, 直接宾语

⑤ me, 间接宾语 message, 直接宾语